References
Sculpture in focus
Nefertiti
Info
Die Nofretete gehört zu den Wahrzeichen Berlins. Bevor sie an ihren neuen Standort, das Neue Museum auf der Berliner Museumsinsel zog, wurde sie von mir phototechnisch mit multispectral imaging diagnostiziert. Das Projekt erfolgte in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Rathgen Forschungslabor, dem ältesten Museumslabor der Welt.
Technique
Die Nofretete habe ich dokumentiert und diagnostiziert. Die umfassende Dokumentation erfolgte unter diffuser Beleuchtung. Zur Kunstdiagnose nutzte ich die folgenden nicht-invasiven Verfahren des multispectral imaging: Diffuse Beleuchtung, Infrarotreflektographie, Infrarot Falschfarben, Ultraviolett Fluoreszenz, Ultraviolett Reflex und Ultraviolett Falschfarben. Die Falschfarbenbilder entstanden elektronisch am Computer. Eine Auswertung der Aufnahmen bezüglich verwendeter Pigmente und Materialien erfolgte anschließend in Zusammenarbeit mit dem Rathgen Forschungslabor.
Equipment
Painting in focus
La Madonna del Cardellino
Info
Das Ölgemälde auf Holz (107cmx77cm) erschien in völlig neuem Glanz nach Entfernung der Firnis aus dem 16. Jahrhundert. Diese besonders starke Wandlung habe ich im Video mit Gianna Nannini festgehalten.
Edifir-Katalog 2008: Il Colore rivelato - Il restauro della Madonna del Cardellino della Galleria degli Uffizi, Marco Ciatti, Antonio Natali, Patrizia Riitano
Technique
Das Ölgemälde auf Holz habe ich acht Jahre lang dokumentarisch begleitet und diagnostiziert. Die Dokumentation erfolgte mit diffuser Beleuchtung. Zur Kunstdiagnose nutzte ich die nicht-invasiven Verfahren des multispectral imaging: Diffuse Beleuchtung, Infrarotreflektographie, Infrarot Falschfarben, Ultraviolett Fluoreszenz, Ultraviolett Reflex und Ultraviolett Falschfarben. Im Edifir Katalog finden Sie dazu einen Artikel mit dem Titel “indagini scientifiche e documentazione”.
Equipment
Fresco in focus
Monocromo
Info
Das “monocromo” von Leonardo da Vinci dokumentierte und diagnostizierte ich mit den Methoden des multispectral imaging sowohl im Stitching Verfahren als auch durch Einzelaufnahmen. Bisher wurden vier Kampagnen von mir begleitet. Mehr Informationen finden Sie in diesem Interview.
Technique
Das “monocromo” habe ich seit Dezember 2013 mehrfach dokumentiert und diagnostiziert. Die Dokumentation erfolgte unter diffuser Beleuchtung. Zur Kunstdiagnose nutzte ich die Ultraviolett Fluoreszenztechnik. Ich setzte Speziallampen ein, die auf Grund von Spezialfiltern der Firma Schott (DUG11) jegliche Emission im sichtbaren Bereich blockieren und somit den nicht erwünschten hohen Blauviolettanteil eliminieren. Auf der website www.saladelleassecastello.it finden Sie eine Übersicht über die bislang durchgeführten verschiedenen Untersuchungskampagnen seit Beginn des Projektes.
Equipment
Clients
- Staatliche Kunsthalle Karlsruhe
- Ritterhaus Bubikon CH
- Schweizer Nationalmuseum
- Landeshauptstadt Düsseldorf
- Dombauhütte St. Stephan, Stephansdom Wien
- St. Johann Müstair, UNESCO Welterbe
- Guggenheim New York
- Getty Institut L.A.
- European Projekt EU Artech
- Opificio delle Pietre Dure Firenze
- Polo Museale Firenze
- Fondazione Gaiani Monza
- Comune di Milano
- Harvard University Firenze
- Castello Sforzesco Milano
- Staatliche Museen zu Berlin
- Staatliche Akademie der Bildenden Künste Stuttgart
- Comune und Sopraintendenza di Verona
- Sopraintendenza di Venezia
- Comune di Mals
- Prokulus Kulturverein Naturn
- Erzbischöfliches Bauamt Freiburg
- Landesamt für Denkmalpflege Stuttgart
- Comune di Viterbo
- Arteria Milano
- Palazzo Strozzi Firenze
- Artdefender Milano
- Opera di Santa Croce Firenze
- Phase One Copenhagen
- Kunsthistorisches Institut (Max-Planck) Florenz
Download the original Cecilia Frosinini as a PDF (Italian)
Download the original Alfredo Aldrovandi as a PDF (Italian)
Opificio delle Pietre Dure, Cecilia Frosinini and Alfredo Aldrovandi
Cecilia Frosinini
Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali
Opificio delle Pietre Dure – Firenze
Storico dell'Arte direttore coordinatore
Direttore del Settore restauro pitture murali
Direttore del Settore restauro disegni e stampe
Vice-Direttore del Settore restauro dipinti mobili
18 August 2014
Alfredo Aldrovandi
Ministero per i Beni e le Attività Culturali
Opificio delle Pietre Dure – Firenze
Fisico Direttore Coordinatore
Responsabile per le indagini diagnostiche non invasive su opere d’arte
Responsabile dei servizi di documentazione
1 June 2014
Cecilia Frosinini:
The Opficio delle Pietre Dure has already been collaborating with Annette Keller since 2000. A long and highly productive period that has brought forth intersections between various competencies and consequently significant results in the area of imaging technologies in art diagnosis.
I would like to give a few examples of this interaction to highlight the complexity of the diagnosing process and the notable part it plays in research, namely discovering the techniques employed in the creation of a work of art and unearthing its history.
The first example is the discovery of how to use the properties of UV reflection. By combining UV reflection with a congruent exposure made in visible light and subsequently manipulating the image into a virtual rendering – the so-called UV false colour image – we can easily differentiate between pigments, especially modern ones. For this project to succeed, it was essential that the physicist Alfredo Aldrovandi, the restorer Enzio Buzzegoli, both employed at the Opificio delle Pietre Dure, and Annette Keller collaborated closely.
Another example: the UV fluorescence photo campaign of the mural paintings by Giotto in the Cappella Peruzzi in the Santa Croce Church in Florence.
In 2009, the Opificio delle Pietre Dure proposed to the Getty Foundation to undertake a scientific art diagnosis project that would examine the technique that Giotto employed to create the mural paintings in the Santa Croce Church in Florence. The artist’s two Florentine masterpieces in the Cappella Bardi and the Cappella Peruzzi were to be analysed.
Right at the start of the project and the evaluation of the first non-invasive diagnosis results, we realised that the UV fluorescence photography technique made the nearly invisible mural paintings clearly visible again, in fact, it made them appear almost three-dimensional. This discovery immediately aroused the interest of scientists studying Mediaeval art. By making the mural in the Cappella Peruzzi visible again with ultraviolet fluorescence exposures, new insights for the interpretation of Giotto’s piece could be gleaned. This is one of the greatest discoveries of the past decades in terms of research into Giotto’s works. It enabled a more accurate dating and a better understanding of the artist’s hitherto obscure later period.
Alfredo Aldrovandi:
Knowing that we can produce a scientifically relevant result in terms of art history has led the Opificio delle Pietre to initiate a global project named “Giotto Segreto”. Aim of the project was to make paintings that have disappeared over time visible again – for scientists and experts but also to make this extraordinary discovery visible to the wider public.
By collaborating with Annette Keller and thanks to the funding by the Harvard Center for Renaissance Studies Villa I Tatti (Florence), the Opificio delle Pietre Dure was able to realise a photo campaign that documents the entire Cappella Peruzzi in UV fluorescence lighting. The exposures were made in the highest possible resolution using the stitching method and were subsequently assembled. An extremely complex method due to the great number of single exposures and the difficulty of creating truly homogenous lighting.
Within the next two years – once the scientific volume has been published – the results will be made available to the public via the Harvard University website. Here, the project will be presented from every angle: historically, art historically, photographically.
Download the original as a PDF (Italian)
Francesca Rossi
Responsabile del Gabinetto dei Disegni
Civiche Raccolte Grafiche e Fotografiche
Castello Sforzesco - Milano
Conservatore
20 August 2014
Annette T. Keller – in 2013, on behalf of the Milan council and the management at the Musei del Castello Sforzesco, artimaging has completed a project using optoelectronic multi-spectral exposures in maximum resolution. A total of 61 drawings by Umberto Boccioni (1882-1916) at the Civico Gabinetto dei Disegni del Castello Sforzesco were examined.
The exposure techniques employed were: exposures in diffused light, infrared exposures (950 nm), infrared false colours and ultraviolet fluorescence exposures.
The exposures are currently being evaluated at the Gabinetto dei Disegni del Castello Sforzesco in collaboration with the Opificio delle Pietre Dure, Settore Materiali Cartacci e Membranacci, Florence.
The imaging project was sponsored by the Solomon R. Guggenheim Museum and Foundation, New York.
Download the original as a PDF (Italian)
Monica Bietti
Ministero dei beni e delle attività culturali e del turismo
Soprintendenza Speciale per il Patrimonio Storico Artistico ed Etnoantropologico e per il Polo Museale della Città di Firenze
Director of the museum Casa Martelli
27 May 2014
We hereby certify that, in September 2013, Ms Annette Keller completed a photo project to document and produce a multi-spectral art diagnosis of the paintings at the museum Casa Martelli.
In order to study the conditions of the works of art, possible earlier changes / restorations and the techniques employed by the painters, the approx. 150 works were captured and analysed with the diffused light, infrared, UV fluorescence and infrared false colour methods. This is essential groundwork, enabling further studies of each individual work.
The imaging process was performed with great competence and professionalism and was completed both in the way previously arranged and within the scheduled timeframe. The data – carefully ordered and complete with colour calibration standards for further scientific evaluation – was handed over, as agreed, in February 2014.
Having surveyed her competencies, I can confirm that Ms Annette Keller is one of the most professional and skilled people available for this kind of documentation.